Beta-lactam antibiotics are a class of antibiotics characterized by the presence of a beta-lactam ring in their molecular structure. This ring is crucial for its antibacterial activity as it interferes with the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, ultimately leading to bacterial cell death.
Beta-lactam antibiotics are generally well-tolerated but can cause allergic reactions in some individuals. They treat many bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, skin infections, urinary tract infections, and more. However, overuse and misuse of these antibiotics have led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, posing a significant challenge to public health. Therefore, proper use and stewardship of beta-lactam antibiotics are crucial to preserving their effectiveness for future generations.
MOA of β-Lactam antibiotics:
β-Lactam Antibiotics are majorly divided into four categories:
a. Penicillins
b. Cephalosporins
c. Monobactams
d. Carbapenems