Aromatic acids are compounds where one or more carboxyl groups (-COOH) are attached to the aromatic ring. They are named by the common system as derivatives of parent benzoic acid.
Aromatic carboxylic acids are of two types.
i. Those in which the carboxyl group is attached directly to the aromatic nucleus.
ii. Those in which the carboxyl group is attached to the side chain.
Key characteristics and properties of aromatic acids include:
1. Aromatic Ring: A benzene ring serves as the backbone of the molecule, giving it aromatic properties.
2. Carboxylic Acid Group: The carboxyl group (-COOH) is attached directly to the benzene ring, contributing to the acidic nature of the compound.
3. Solubility: Aromatic acids are typically soluble in organic solvents but have limited solubility in water due to their polarity.
4. Aroma: Many aromatic acids have pleasant or pungent odors, making them useful in perfumes, flavorings, and fragrances.
5. Reactivity: They undergo typical carboxylic acid reactions, such as esterification, amidation, and decarboxylation.
