Anthracene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of three fused benzene rings. It is a solid at room temperature, typically appearing as colorless to pale yellow crystals. Anthracene is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as benzene and toluene. Anthracene exhibits several physical properties: These properties contribute to its diverse applications in … Read more
Anthracene can be prepared through several methods, including: 1. By Friedal Craft reaction: Anthracene can be synthesised via the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction, where benzyl chloride reacts with itself in a Lewis acid catalyst like aluminium chloride. This forms di(phenylethyl)benzene, which can then be cyclized to yield anthracene. 2. By Haworth Synthesis Step I: Benzene reacts … Read more
Naphthalene constitutes the largest part of coal-tar, accounting for approximately 6-10%. The hydrocarbon was initially noticed as a residue in the condensers during the distillation of the naphtha portion, hence its name. It is typically obtained by cooling the middle oil fraction (160-230°), where naphthalene crystallizes. The raw crystals are removed through centrifugation. 1. From … Read more
Naphthalene is a white, crystalline solid with a distinct odor reminiscent of mothballs. It slowly sublimes at room temperature, generating a highly flammable vapor. John Kidd (1775–1851), an English chemist and physician, is credited with discovering naphthalene from coal tar in 1819. It contains a complex hydrocarbon mixture similar to what is found in petroleum. … Read more
