Gel chromatography, also known as size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), is a separation technique used primarily for separating molecules based on their size. It is widely used for purifying proteins, polysaccharides, and other macromolecules. In this technique, molecules are separated as they pass through a column filled with porous gel beads, and larger molecules elute (exit) from … Read more
Introduction to Affinity Chromatography Affinity chromatography is a type of liquid chromatography used for the separation, purification, or specific analysis of sample components. It is based on the principle of affinity, which refers to reversible biological interactions or molecular recognition between two molecules, typically an analyte and a ligand. These interactions are driven by the … Read more
The vaginal route of drug administration involves the introduction of medications into the vagina. This route is mainly used for gynecological and reproductive health purposes and has specific advantages and disadvantages. Here are the key points related to the vaginal route of drug administration: Advantages 1. Local and Systemic Therapy: The vaginal route can be … Read more
The rectal route of drug administration involves the insertion of medications into the rectum, typically in the form of suppositories or enemas. This route has its advantages and disadvantages and is used for various clinical purposes. Here are the key points related to the rectal route of drug administration: Advantages: 1. Bypass First-Pass Metabolism: Rectal … Read more
The inhalation route of drug administration involves the introduction of medications directly into the respiratory system, typically via inhalation devices or nebulizers. This route is used primarily for respiratory medications but can also be employed for systemic drug delivery in some cases. Here are the key points related to the inhalation route of drug administration: … Read more
The transdermal drug administration route involves applying medications in the form of patches or topical preparations directly onto the skin’s surface. The drugs are absorbed through the skin and into the bloodstream, providing a controlled, steady release of the medication. This route offers several advantages and disadvantages, making it particularly useful for specific types of … Read more
The topical route of drug administration involves applying medications directly to the skin or mucous membranes, such as the eyes, nose, ears, or genital areas. This route has several advantages and disadvantages and is commonly used for dermatological, ophthalmic, and otic (ear) medications. Here are the key points related to the topical route of drug … Read more
The subcutaneous (SC) route of drug administration involves injecting medications into the subcutaneous tissue, which is the layer of tissue just beneath the skin. This route is used for various medications and has specific advantages and disadvantages. Here are the key points related to the subcutaneous route of drug administration: Advantages 1. Slower Absorption: Subcutaneous … Read more
The intramuscular (IM) route of drug administration involves delivering medications into the muscle tissue using a hypodermic needle. This route has its own advantages and disadvantages and is commonly used for specific medications and clinical situations. Here are the key points related to the intramuscular route of drug administration: Advantages 1. Sustained Drug Release: The … Read more
The intravenous (IV) route of drug administration involves delivering medications directly into a patient’s bloodstream through a vein. This method offers several advantages and disadvantages, making it a valuable option for specific clinical scenarios. Here are the key points related to the intravenous route of drug administration: Advantages 1. Rapid Onset of Action: IV administration … Read more
