Definition An Extra Pharmacopoeia, often referred to as an “extra” or “supplement,” is a supplementary document that provides additional information and standards for substances not covered or fully addressed in the official pharmacopoeia of a region or country. It serves as a complementary resource, extending and updating the standards set by the primary pharmacopoeia. Purpose … Read more
The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) is a comprehensive compendium of drug information and standards for the quality, purity, strength, and consistency of drugs, food ingredients, and dietary supplements. It is a reference work recognized by regulatory bodies, healthcare professionals, and industry practitioners in the United States and many other countries. Here is a detailed note … Read more
The British Pharmacopoeia (BP) is a comprehensive reference work that provides standards for the quality, safety, and efficacy of pharmaceutical substances and preparations in the United Kingdom. It serves as an authoritative source for pharmacists, healthcare professionals, and regulatory authorities, ensuring consistency in the quality of medicinal products. The BP is continuously updated to reflect … Read more
What is a Pharmacopoeia? A pharmacopoeia is an official and comprehensive book containing a list of medicinal drugs with their descriptions, standards, and properties. It serves as a reference guide for healthcare professionals, pharmacists, and regulatory authorities to ensure the quality, safety, and efficacy of drugs used in healthcare. Pharmacopoeias play a crucial role in … Read more
Introduction to Pharmacy Pharmacy is a dynamic and evolving profession that plays a critical role in healthcare. Pharmacists are healthcare professionals responsible for ensuring the safe and effective use of medications. The field encompasses a wide range of responsibilities, including drug dispensing, patient counseling, medication therapy management, research, and pharmaceutical care. Educational Pathways 1. Bachelor … Read more
Ancient Practices 1. Ayurveda and Traditional Medicines: Ancient India had a rich tradition of herbal medicine, with knowledge of pharmacology embedded in Ayurveda and other traditional medicinal systems. 2. Trade Routes and Herbal Exchange: India was a hub for the trade of medicinal herbs, spices, and formulations along the ancient Silk Road, influencing the exchange … Read more
Ancient Roots 1. Ayurveda and Traditional Medicine: The roots of pharmacy in India trace back to ancient times with the practice of Ayurveda, where the knowledge of medicinal plants and formulations was passed down through generations. 2. Charaka Samhita: The Charaka Samhita, an ancient Ayurvedic text, contains detailed information on the preparation of medicines, emphasizing … Read more
Pediatric dose calculations based on body surface area (BSA) are particularly important for medications with a narrow therapeutic index or when dealing with older children and adolescents. Here are formulas and examples: Body Surface Area (BSA) Dosing Formula (Mosteller): Example: Calculation: If a child has a height of 120 cm and a weight of 22 … Read more
Pediatric dose calculations based on body weight are crucial for ensuring accurate and safe medication administration. Here are formulas and examples: Weight-Based Dosing 1. Formula: Dose= Weight × Dose per kg 2. Examples: Infants (0-1 year): Prescribe an antibiotic at 20 mg/kg for an infant weighing 7 kg, and the calculation results in 140 mg … Read more
Pediatric dose calculations are a critical aspect of healthcare, requiring precision and consideration of age-related factors to ensure the safety and efficacy of medications administered to children. While age alone is not the sole determinant for pediatric dosing, it is a fundamental parameter in dosage calculations. Let’s delve into the considerations and methodologies involved in … Read more
