Anthracene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of three fused benzene rings. It is a solid at room temperature, typically appearing as colorless to pale yellow crystals. Anthracene is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as benzene and toluene. Anthracene exhibits several physical properties: These properties contribute to its diverse applications in … Read more
Anthracene can be prepared through several methods, including: 1. By Friedal Craft reaction: Anthracene can be synthesised via the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction, where benzyl chloride reacts with itself in a Lewis acid catalyst like aluminium chloride. This forms di(phenylethyl)benzene, which can then be cyclized to yield anthracene. 2. By Haworth Synthesis Step I: Benzene reacts … Read more
Anthracene, a compound derived from coal tar, is known for its presence in coal tar, ranging from 0.3 to 3.5 %. Its name originates from the Greek word “anthrac,” meaning coal. When tar is distilled, anthracene separates into high-boiling fractions known as anthracene oil. Structurally, anthracene comprises three benzene rings fused in ortho positions, resulting … Read more
Naphthalene is used to manufacture ‘moth balls’ to safeguard woollen clothes. However, its usage has diminished with the advent of p-dichlorobenzene due to its less offensive odor.
The chemical reactions of naphthalene are quite similar to those of benzene. It can easily undergo substitution and form additional products. However, it is not as aromatic as benzene. So, the double bonds in naphthalene show some of the reactivity of alkenes, which makes it form additional compounds more quickly than benzene. The reaction stops … Read more
Naphthalene is a white solid aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C10H8. Here are some of its physical properties: 1. Appearance: Naphthalene is a white crystalline solid that can appear colorless or slightly yellowish in impure forms. 2. Odor: Naphthalene has a distinctive, strong odor often described as mothball-like. This odor is characteristic of naphthalene … Read more
Naphthalene constitutes the largest part of coal-tar, accounting for approximately 6-10%. The hydrocarbon was initially noticed as a residue in the condensers during the distillation of the naphtha portion, hence its name. It is typically obtained by cooling the middle oil fraction (160-230°), where naphthalene crystallizes. The raw crystals are removed through centrifugation. 1. From … Read more
Naphthalene is a white, crystalline solid with a distinct odor reminiscent of mothballs. It slowly sublimes at room temperature, generating a highly flammable vapor. John Kidd (1775–1851), an English chemist and physician, is credited with discovering naphthalene from coal tar in 1819. It contains a complex hydrocarbon mixture similar to what is found in petroleum. … Read more
Polynuclear hydrocarbons, also known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are a group of organic compounds that have captured the attention of environmental scientists and policymakers due to their unique structure and potential environmental impact. This post delves into polynuclear hydrocarbons, exploring their nature, sources, environmental fate, and impact on human health and the environment. What … Read more
